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سیخلر

ویکی‌پدیادان، آچیق بیلیک‌لیک‌دن
Sikhs
The Khanda, a common symbol of the Sikh people
The Khanda, a common symbol of the Sikh people
Painting of رانجیت سینق at the Golden Temple, by August Schoefft, ca.1840's–1855
جمعیت
ت  25–30 million[۸]
Founder
Guru Nanak
یاشایان بؤلگه‌لر
هیندیستان23,786,000–28,000,000[۱۲]
کانادا771,790[۱۳][۱۴]
بیرلشمیش شاهلیق724,140[۱۵][۱۶][۱۷]
آمریکا بیرلشمیش ایالتلری300,000[۳۶]
Italy220,000[۴۸]
اوسترالیا210,400[۴۹]
مالزی100,000[۵۰][۵۱][۵۲]
تایلند70,000[۵۳]
سعودی عربیستان67,000[۵۴]
نیوزیلند53,406[۵۵]
بیرلشمیش عرب امیرلیکلری52,000[۵۶]
فیلیپین50,000[۵۷][۵۸]
عومان35,540[۵۹]
پورتوقال35,000[۶۰]
فرانسه30,000[۶۱]
ایسپانیا26,000[۶۲]
آلمان25,000[۶۳]
یونان20,000[۶۴]
هونق کونق15,000[۶۵]
کووئیت15,000[۶۶][۶۷]
هولند15,000[۶۸]
قیبریس جومهوریتی13,280[۶۹][۷۰]
سنقاپور12,051[۷۱]
اندونزی10,000–15,000[۷۲]
بلژیک10,000[۷۳]
اوتریش9,000[۷۴]
پاکیستان50,000 (NADRA)[۷۵][۷۶]
کنیا6,000[۷۷]
نوروژ4,080[۷۸]
دینلر
سیخیسم
Scriptures
Guru Granth Sahib
دیللر
Contemporarily
Modern Punjabi • هیندوستانی دیلی • اینگیلیس دیلی • فرانسه دیلی • ایتالیا دیلی • ایسپانیا دیلی • هولند دیلی

Historically
Punjabi • Punjabi dialects (Gurmukhi script)[b][۷۹][۸۰][۸۱] • Khalsa bole[۸۲] • Sant Bhasha (liturgical)[۸۳]
بو مقاله‌ده مخصوص کاراکترلر وار. دؤزگون رئندر دئستئکلری اولماسا، مومکوندور عوضینه سوال علامتی و یا دیگر نشانلاری گؤره‌سیز.
Part of بؤلمه:سیکیزم on
سیخیسم
Khanda
Sikh gurus
Selected revered saints
سیخیسم
Practices
Scripture
Places and Takhts
بؤلمه:سیکیزم
بؤلمه:سیکیزم
Sikhism and other religions

سیخلر (اینگیلیسجه: Sikhs)، (singular Sikh: /sɪk/ SIK or /siːk/ SEEK; پنجاب دیلی: ਸਿੱਖ, romanized: sikkh, pa) هیندیستاندا یاشایان بیر قومی-مذهبی قوروپ. سیخلر هیند آریا خالقلارینا باغلی دیرلر. سیخلر سیخیسم مذهب-مکتبینه اینانجلاری واردیر.

قایناقلار

[دَییشدیر]
  1. ^ April 2022: Sikh Awareness and Appreciation Month. State of Michigan Office of the Governor. “"there are more than 30 million Sikhs worldwide"”
  2. ^ US Sikhs tirelessly travel their communities to feed hungry Americans. سی ان ان (9 July 2020). “"Founded some 500 years ago in the Punjab region of India, the faith has some 30 million adherents, making it the fifth largest دین worldwide."”
  3. ^ A Brief Introduction to Sikhism. WTTW (5 May 2021). “"Sikhism is the world's fifth-largest religion, with 25–30 million adherents around the globe”
  4. ^ Sikhs in America. “"There are nearly 30 million Sikhs around the world today, and a vast majority of them live in the Indian state of Punjab."”
  5. ^ Guru Nanak Religious Society. “"There are over 30 million Sikhs worldwide."”
  6. ^ "Sikhism". Encyclopædia Britannica. 6 October 2022-ده یوخلانیب. In the early 21st century there were nearly 25 million Sikhs worldwide, the great majority of them living in the Indian state of Punjab.
  7. ^ "Sidhu wrongly quotes Sikh population as 14 crores". 11 November 2019. https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/times-fact-check/news/fake-alert-sidhu-wrongly-quotes-sikh-population-as-14-crores/articleshow/72003044.cms.
  8. ^ [۱][۲][۳][۴][۵][۶][۷]
  9. ^ ۹٫۰ ۹٫۱ India People and Society. The World Factbook.
  10. ^ Sikh Population in World | Sikh Population in India 2023 (22 December 2021).
  11. ^ Sikh Religion Census 2011.
  12. ^ [۹][a][۱۰][۱۱]
  13. ^ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (2022-10-26). Religion by visible minority and generation status: Canada, provinces and territories, census metropolitan areas and census agglomerations with parts.
  14. ^ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (2022-10-26). The Daily – The Canadian census: A rich portrait of the country's religious and ethnocultural diversity.
  15. ^ Religion, England and Wales – Office for National Statistics.
  16. ^ Religion (detailed): All people. National Records of Scotland.
  17. ^ Religion – Full Detail: QS218NI. Northern Ireland Statistics and Research Agency.
  18. ^ Does the Census Bureau have data for religion?. United States Census Bureau.
  19. ^ Asian Indian Was The Largest Asian Alone Population Group in 2020. United States Census Bureau.
  20. ^ Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada (9 February 2022).
  21. ^ ۲۱٫۰ ۲۱٫۱ Statistical Abstract of the United States: 2012 – Section 1: Population – Table 75: Self-Described Religious Identification of Adult Population: 1990, 2001, and 2008 (page 61). United States Census Bureau.
  22. ^ ۲۲٫۰ ۲۲٫۱ How Many U.S. Sikhs?. Pew Research Center (6 August 2012).
  23. ^ About Sikhs. Sikh Coalition.
  24. ^ H. RES. 275–118th Congress (2023–2024). آمریکا کنگره‌سی (10 April 2023).
  25. ^ Sikhism Reporter's Guide. Sikh Coalition.
  26. ^ The Sikh Community Today. هاروارد بیلیم‌یوردو. “"Today there are well over 500,000 Sikhs in the United States."”
  27. ^ American Sikhs are targets of bigotry, often due to cultural ignorance. Religion News Service (10 August 2022). “"Scholars and government officials estimate the Sikh American population to number around 500,000."”
  28. ^ Sikhs in America:A History of Hate. ProPublica. “"There are an estimated 500,000 Sikhs living in the U.S., many in New York and California."”
  29. ^ April 2022: Sikh Awareness and Appreciation Month. State of Michigan Office of the Governor. “"Sikhism is the fifth largest religion in the world, and, today, there are more than 30 million Sikhs worldwide and an estimated 500,000 Sikh Americans;"”
  30. ^ Want to know about Sikhism?. WUWM (23 May 2022). “"There are more than 500,000 Sikhs in the United States."”
  31. ^ A Brief Introduction to Sikhism. WTTW (5 May 2021). “"Despite its relatively recent arrival in Chicago, Sikhism is the world's fifth-largest religion, with 25 to 30 million adherents around the globe and an estimated 500,000 in America today."”
  32. ^ [۲۶][۲۷][۲۸][۲۹][۳۰][۳۱]
  33. ^ Asian Americans: A Mosaic of Faiths. Pew Research Center (19 July 2012).
  34. ^ 2020 National Sikh American Survey: Key Findings. Sikh American Legal Defense and Education Fund (23 October 2020).
  35. ^ DP05ACS Demographic and Housing Estimates. United States Census Bureau.
  36. ^ While the U.S. Census does not ask about religion,[۱۸] 70,697 Americans (or ۰٫۰۲‏٪ of the total population) declared Sikh as their ethnicity in the 2020 census.[۱۹] In the 2021 Canadian census, 194,640 Canadians declared Sikh as their ethnicity while 771,790 Canadians declared Sikh as their religion, indicating that the Sikh American population may be around 280,329, or ۰٫۰۸‏٪ of the total population.[۲۰] The U.S. Census Bureau estimated the adult Sikh American population at 78,000 in 2008.[۲۱] The Pew Research Center estimated the Sikh American adult population to be 140,000 and the total population at 200,000 in 2012 while the World Religion Database at Boston University estimated the American Sikh population to be at 280,000 in 2012.[۲۱][۲۲] Sikh organizations like the Sikh Coalition and American Sikh Congressional Caucus estimate the Sikh American population to be as high as 1,000,000, but do not provide any sources for these figures;[۲۳][۲۴][۲۲] 500,000 nevertheless remains the most cited Sikh American population size in news media.[۲۵][۳۲] With 1% of آمریکا آسیالی‌لاری being Sikh, and 90.7% of Sikh Americans being Asian American, the American Sikh population can be estimated around 280,000–500,000 in 2021.[۳۳][۳۴][۳۵]
  37. ^ ۳۷٫۰ ۳۷٫۱ "Over 40,000 Sikhs vote in secessionist Referendum in Italy". Geo News. https://www.geo.tv/latest/415781-over-40000-sikhs-vote-in-secessionist-khalistan-referendum-in-italy. "it had chosen the city of Brixia because Italy had over 200,000 Sikhs living in the county with a majority in Brescia."
  38. ^ ۳۸٫۰ ۳۸٫۱ "Around 45,000 Sikhs vote in Referendum in Italy". Daily Pakistan. https://en.dailypakistan.com.pk/09-May-2022/around-45-000-sikhs-vote-in-khalistan-referendum-in-italy. "That it had chosen the city of Brixia because Italy had over 200,000 Sikhs living in it with a majority in Brescia"
  39. ^ ۳۹٫۰ ۳۹٫۱ "Sikhs vote in referendum in Rome". Pakistan Today. https://www.pakistantoday.com.pk/2022/07/03/sikhs-vote-in-referendum-in-rome-for-freedom-of-khalistan/. "About 200,000 Sikhs live in different cities of Italy."
  40. ^ ۴۰٫۰ ۴۰٫۱ "Thousands of Sikhs attend parade in Italy". Bol News. https://www.bolnews.com/2022/05/08/italy/thousands-of-sikhs-attend-parade-in-italy-ahead-of-khalistan-referendum/index.html. "Italy has over 200,000 Sikhs who are active members of the Italian population, which is why this city was chosen"
  41. ^ ۴۱٫۰ ۴۱٫۱ The Continuing Struggle for Religious Freedom by Italy's Sikh Community. “It is estimated that there are around 220,000 Sikh migrants in Italy. The community, however, has been largely invisible to native Italians. The majority of Sikhs are dairy workers, living far from the cities, and settled mainly in the farms of north and central Italy.”
  42. ^ ۴۲٫۰ ۴۲٫۱ "How the recent Punjabi migration to Spain & Italy is a departure for the diaspora". 29 July 2018. https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/magazines/panache/how-the-recent-punjabi-migration-to-spain-and-italy-is-a-departure-for-the-diaspora/articleshow/65180012.cms?from=mdr. "The total number of Indians in Italy has now crossed 200,000, making it the largest Indian diaspora in continental Europe and far greater than the 30,000 estimated in Spain. This Indian contingent is mainly made up of Punjabi Jat Sikhs."
  43. ^ ۴۳٫۰ ۴۳٫۱ How Sikhs saved the Italian cheese industry. “Today, Italy has the largest Sikh population in Europe, only second to the United Kingdom, with an estimated number of 220,000”
  44. ^ ۴۴٫۰ ۴۴٫۱ Bertolani, Barbara (2013). "The Sikhs in Italy: A Growing Heterogeneous and Plural Presence". Globalizing Belief, Localizing Gods. Brill Publishers. p. 75. ISBN 9789004254756. According to Gallo (2013), by contrast, the Sikhs would number at least 100,000. Barbara Bertolani estimates in 2013 "My own data gathered within the Sikh community in Italy show Sikh people constituting about 70% of all the Indians present, i.e., at least 84,000 residents
  45. ^ ۴۵٫۰ ۴۵٫۱ "Why the Indian government must help Italian Sikhs". Hindustan Times. https://www.hindustantimes.com/columns/why-the-indian-government-must-help-italian-sikhs/story-y3yJS6zWOqnYkkVsDuvvAJ.html. "Up to 150,000 Sikhs now live there, making it the largest Sikh Community in Europe after the one in Britain"
  46. ^ ۴۶٫۰ ۴۶٫۱ "The Sikhs Spearheading The Italian Parmesan Cheese Industry". Homegrown. https://homegrown.co.in/homegrown-explore/the-sikhs-who-saved-parmesan-in-italy-are-now-fighting-to-save-themselves. "Despite the estimated 220,000 Sikh immigrants who inhabit the Po Valley, there seems to a whiff of change in the air"
  47. ^ ۴۷٫۰ ۴۷٫۱ Tebano, Elena. "Prayer at dawn, zero crime: this is how Sikhs live in Italy, after the sentence of the Cassation". Corriere Della Sera. https://www.corriere.it/cronache/17_maggio_17/nulla-sikh-culto-preghiera-adcfa0ae-3a74-11e7-acbd-5fa0e1e5ad68.shtml. "The vegan diet, the cult, the traditions. Customs and symbols of the 150,000 faithful of the religion born in India who now live in the Bel Paese"
  48. ^ [۳۷][۳۸][۳۹][۴۰][۴۱][۴۲][۴۳][۴۴][۴۵][۴۶][۴۷]
  49. ^ [۳۷][۳۸][۴۰][۴۱][۴۲][۴۳][۴۴][۴۵][۴۶][۳۹][۴۷]
  50. ^ "Gobind Singh Deo is Malaysia's first Sikh minister". https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/nri/nris-in-news/sikh-man-gobind-singh-deo-becomes-malaysias-first-minister/articleshow/64268155.cms?from=mdr. "Malaysia has nearly 100,000 Sikh population."
  51. ^ "Malaysia gets first Sikh minister". WION. https://www.wionews.com/world/gobind-singh-deo-appointed-as-the-first-sikh-minister-in-the-malaysian-cabinet-138820. "Miri Indian Association president, Councillor Karambir Singh was quoted as saying by the Borneo Post. Malaysia has nearly 100,000 Sikh population"
  52. ^ On the Gurdwara Trail in Malaysia: A Spiritual Experience (20 January 2023). “The Malaysian Sikh community is the fourth largest ethnic group of Malaysian Indians. It is estimated that over 100,000 Sikhs reside in Malaysia. The Sikh population is the largest here among Southeast and East Asia.”
  53. ^ Thailand.
  54. ^ 2021 Report on International Religious Freedom: Saudi Arabia (June 2, 2022).
  55. ^ [Society=2023%20Census&hc[Census%20year]=2023&snb=4&vw=tb&df[ds]=ds-nsiws-disseminate&df[id]=CEN23_TBT_004&df[ag]=STATSNZ&df[vs]=1.0&dq=ra80601.2023&to[TIME]=false Stats NZ Aotearoa Data Explorer].
  56. ^ Gokulan, Dhanusha. Sikhs in UAE hail country's year of 'respect, inclusion'.
  57. ^ Punjabi Community Involved in Money Lending in Philippines Braces for 'Crackdown' by New President (18 May 2016).
  58. ^ 2011 Gurdwara Philippines: Sikh Population of the Philippines.
  59. ^ National Profiles.
  60. ^ Portugal Fact Sheet. “"Sikhs (35,000), In recent years, the number of Indians (especially from Punjab/Haryana) has increased significantly owing to the easing of immigration norms by Portugal. However, since many of them do not have valid residency documents, official figures are not available."”
  61. ^ France's Sikh Minority Looks Set to Vote Against Marine Le Pen (May 6, 2017).
  62. ^ Garha, Nachatter Singh (6 February 2020). "Masculinity in the Sikh Community in Italy and Spain: Expectations and Challenges". Religions. 11 (2): 76. doi:10.3390/rel11020076. hdl:2183/38589. ISSN 2077-1444.
  63. ^ Mitgliederzahlen: Sonstige – REMID – Religionswissenschaftlicher Medien- und Informationsdienst e.V. (de-DE). “Sikhs, 25,000 (2020)....The "German Information Center for Sikh Religion, Sikh History, Culture and Science (DISR)" estimates the number of Sikhs in Germany at 18,000 for 2017”
  64. ^ Lavin, Talia (26 April 2015). "Vibrant Vaisakhi Celebrates Sikh Life In Greece". Huffington Post. https://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/entry/vaisakhi-sikh-celebration_n_7138512. "The Sikh community in Greece, numbered at around 20,000 according to a 2012 report, joined together to mark the holy day"
  65. ^ Hong Kong stories: Getting to know the city's Sikh community (31 July 2019).
  66. ^ Kuwait To Seek Closure Of "Illegal" Sikh Temple (3 February 2022).
  67. ^ Sikh Gurdwara discovered by 'intrepid' local reporter (August 14, 2019).
  68. ^ Lawrence, Mary (22 May 2022). Het licht van God zien in de ander, daar gaat het om bij de sikhs. Trouw. “In Nederland wonen zo’n 15.000 sikhs, die hier sinds de jaren zestig vanuit Afghanistan, Pakistan en India kwamen, op zoek naar werk of op de vlucht voor de Sovjets, de Taliban of de geradicaliseerde aanhangers van Indira Gandhi, nadat zij in 1984 door haar sikhlijfwacht was vermoord. Ons land telt inmiddels negen gurdwara's. [Some 15,000 Sikhs live in the Netherlands, who have come here from Afghanistan, Pakistan and India since the 1960s, looking for work or fleeing the Soviets, the Taliban or the radicalized followers of Indira Gandhi, after they were killed in 1984. her Sikh bodyguard had been killed. Our country now has nine gurdwaras.]”
  69. ^ Cyprus.
  70. ^ National Profiles.
  71. ^ Kaur, Arunajeet (6 December 2008). "The Evolution of the Sikh Identity in Singapore". Religious Diversity in Singapore. ISEAS–Yusof Ishak Institute. pp. 275–297. ISBN 9789812307552 – via Cambridge University Press.
  72. ^ Orang-orang Sikh di Indonesia (id-ID).
  73. ^ Montes, Enrico Castro; Goddeeris, Idesbald (2020). "Hinduism in Belgium". Handbook of Hinduism in Europe (2 vols). Brill. pp. 849–863. doi:10.1163/9789004432284_031. ISBN 9789004432284. S2CID 236835206 – via brill.com.
  74. ^ "Why Sikhism as registered religion in Austria matters". https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/world/europe/why-sikhism-as-registered-religion-in-austria-matters/articleshow/80021881.cms#:~:text=According%20to%20Hardeep%20Singh%20Maan,around%209%2C000%20Sikhs%20in%20Austria.
  75. ^ Sikh population in Pakistan.
  76. ^ Pakistan's Religious Minorities Say They Were Undercounted in Census (July 2021).
  77. ^ Adam, Michel (1 September 2013). "A diversity with several levels: Kenyan politics of integration and the Kenyan minorities of Indian origin". Les Cahiers d'Afrique de l'Est / The East African Review (in انگلیسی) (47): 23–32. doi:10.4000/eastafrica.402. ISSN 2071-7245. S2CID 199837942. 4 September 2020-ده یوخلانیب.
  78. ^ 2020-12-08 (8 December 2020).
  79. ^ UK Government Web Archive.
  80. ^ Sikh Reht Maryada, The Definition of Sikh, Sikh Conduct & Conventions, Sikh Religion Living, India.
  81. ^ Sikh Reht Maryada, The Definition of Sikh, Sikh Conduct & Conventions, Sikh Religion Living, India.
  82. ^ Pashaura Singh; Louis E. Fenech (2014). The Oxford Handbook of Sikh Studies. Oxford Handbooks. OUP Oxford. p. 380. ISBN 9780191004117.
  83. ^ Mann, Gurinder Singh (2001). The Making of Sikh scripture. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 5. ISBN 9780195130249.


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