(Original text : Own work. Data sources :

• Background map : [[:en:Topographic map#Global 1-kilometer map|]] (SRTM3 v.2) (public domain)
• Map boundaries are based off multiple sources:
• Busse, Heribert (1975), "Iran Under the Buyids", in Frye, R. N., The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 4: From the Arab Invasion to the Saljuqs., Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-20093-8
• Ter-Ghewondyan, Aram. The Arab Emirates in Bagratid Armenia. Trans. Nina G. Garsoïan. Livraria Bertrand: Lisbon, 1976.
• Bianquis, Thierry (1998), "Autonomous Egypt from ibn Tulun to Kafur, 868-969", in Petry, Carl F., The Cambridge History of Egypt, Volume 1: Islamic Egypt, 640, 1517. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
• Norwich, John Julius (1997). A Short History of Byzantium. NYC: Viking.
• Bazin, Marcel. "Gilan". Encyclopedia Iranica.
• Madelung, Wilferd. "Minor Dynasties of Northern Iran." The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 4: The Period From the Arab Invasion to the Saljuqs. Ed. R. N. Frye. New York, New York: Cambridge University Press, 1975. ISBN 0-521-20093-8

. Original uploader was Ro4444 at en.wikipedia