میلی بیرلیک
National Rally Rassemblement National | |
|---|---|
 | |
| قیسا آدی | RN |
| باشقان | Jordan Bardella (acting) |
| Vice-presidents | |
| قوروجو | Jean-Marie Le Pen[۱] |
| قورولوش | ۵ اوْکتوبر ۱۹۷۲ |
| مرکزی | 76–78 Rue des Suisses, 92000 Nanterre, Hauts-de-Seine |
| جوانلار قانادی | Génération Nation |
| Security wing | Department for Protection and Security |
| عۆضو اوْلانلار (2022) |  83,000[۲] |
| ایدئولوژی | |
| Political position | Far-right[۱۶]a[›] |
| میللی باغلانتی | Rassemblement bleu Marine (2012–2017) |
| اوروپا باغلانتی‌سی | Identity and Democracy Party |
| آوروپا مجلیسی گوروپو | Identity and Democracy[nb ۱] |
| رنگ(لر) | Navy blue[nb ۲] |
| National Assembly | ۸۹ / ۵۷۷ |
| Senate | ۰ / ۳۴۸ |
| European Parliament | ۱۹ / ۷۹ |
| Presidencies of Regional Councils | ۰ / ۱۷ |
| Regional Councillors | ۲۵۲ / ۱٬۷۵۸ |
| Presidencies of Departmental Councils | ۰ / ۱۰۱ |
| Departmental Councillors | ۲۶ / ۴٬۱۰۸ |
| وئب‌سایت | |
| www | |
^ a: The RN is considered part of the radical right, a subset of the far-right that does not oppose democracy.[۱۸][۱۹][۲۰] | |
میلی بیرلیک (فرانسه‌جه: Rassemblement national)فرانسه نین میلیت چی حیزبیدیر. ۱۹۷۲ ده ۵ اوکتوبر دا ژان ماری لوپن بو حیزبین قوروجوسو اولدو. حیزبین ایلک آدی (Front national pour l'unité française) فرانسه بیرلیک اوچون میلیت چی جبهه سی ایدی . ایندی باشچیسی ژان ماری لوپنین قیزی مارین لوپن دیر . بو حیزب ایندیلیک فرانسه نین اوچونجو حیزبیدیر.
قایناقلار[دَییشدیر]
- ^ "Vive la difference – has France's Front National changed?". BBC News. 5 December 2015. آرشیولشدیریلیب from the original on 17 July 2018. 21 June 2018-ده یوخلانیب.
- ^ "RN - Rassemblement National". Rassemblement National. 12 April 2022. آرشیولشدیریلیب from the original on 13 April 2022. 12 April 2022-ده یوخلانیب.
- ^ ۳٫۰ ۳٫۱ Nordsieck, Wolfram (2017). "France". Parties and Elections in Europe. آرشیولشدیریلیب from the original on 26 January 2013. 23 June 2014-ده یوخلانیب.
- ^ Jens Rydgren (2008). "France: The Front National, Ethnonationalism and Populism". Twenty-First Century Populism. Link.springer.com. pp. 166–180. doi:10.1057/9780230592100_11. ISBN 978-1-349-28476-4.
- ^ ۵٫۰ ۵٫۱ 'The nation state is back': Front National's Marine Le Pen rides on global mood Archived 28 July 2017 at the Wayback Machine.. The Guardian. Author – Angelique Chrisafis. Published 18 September 2016. Retrieved 2 June 2017.
- ^ "Jean-Yves Camus". Lefigaro.fr. 13 April 2015. آرشیولشدیریلیب from the original on 7 August 2016. 5 July 2021-ده یوخلانیب.
- ^ "Macron-Le Pen face-off: EU supporter vs. economic nationalist". 23 April 2017. آرشیولشدیریلیب from the original on 10 July 2021. 5 July 2021-ده یوخلانیب.
- ^ "Economic Voting and the national Front: Towards a Subregional Understanding of the Extreme-Right" (PDF). Politics.as.nyu.edu. آرشیولشدیریلیب (PDF) from the original on 24 September 2015. 31 March 2015-ده یوخلانیب.
- ^ "Marine Le Pen, entre souverainisme et identitarisme". Enquete&Debat. 23 September 2014. 7 March 2016-ده اوریجنال-دن آرشیولشدیریلمیشدیر.
- ^ John Lichfield (26 May 2014). "European elections 2014: Marine Le Pen's Front National victory in France is based on anguish, rage and denial". The Independent. London. آرشیولشدیریلیب from the original on 25 September 2015. 25 August 2014-ده یوخلانیب.
- ^ What does France's National Front stand for? Archived 20 December 2015 at the Wayback Machine. France 24. Published 28 May 2014. Retrieved 17 April 2017.
- ^ "Depuis 2011, le FN est devenu "protectionniste au sens large"". Liberation. 21 April 2014. آرشیولشدیریلیب from the original on 27 September 2015. 9 August 2014-ده یوخلانیب.
- ^ Taylor, Adam (8 January 2015). "French far-right leader seeks to reintroduce death penalty after Charlie Hebdo attack". The Washington Post. آرشیولشدیریلیب from the original on 7 July 2015. 31 March 2015-ده یوخلانیب.
- ^ "Immigration | Stopper l'immigration, renforcer l'identité française". Front National. 7 August 2013-ده اوریجنال-دن آرشیولشدیریلمیشدیر. 1 January 2015-ده یوخلانیب.
{{cite web}}: More than one of|accessdate=and|access-date=specified (help); More than one of|archivedate=and|archive-date=specified (help); More than one of|archiveurl=and|archive-url=specified (help) - ^ European far right hails Brexit vote Archived 6 May 2017 at the Wayback Machine.. The Guardian. Author – Angelique Chrisafis. Published 24 June 2016. Retrieved 25 May 2017.
- ^ Abridged list of reliable sources that refer to National Rally as far-right:
Academic:
- Azéma, Jean-Pierre; Winock, Michel (1994). Histoire de l'extrême droite en France. Éditions du Seuil. ISBN 9782020232005.
- Camus & Lebourg 2017
- DeClair 1999
- Hobolt, Sara; De Vries, Catherine (16 June 2020). Political Entrepreneurs: The Rise of Challenger Parties in Europe. Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0691194752.
- Joly, Bertrand (2008). Nationalistes et Conservateurs en France, 1885–1902. Les Indes Savantes.
- Kitschelt, Herbert; McGann, Anthony (1995). The radical right in Western Europe: a comparative analysis. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press. pp. 91–120. ISBN 0472106635.
- McGann, Anthony; Kitschelt, Herbert (1997). The Radical Right in Western Europe A Comparative Analysis. University of Michigan Press. ISBN 9780472084418.
- Mayer, Nonna (January 2013). "From Jean-Marie to Marine Le Pen: Electoral Change on the Far Right". Parliamentary Affairs. 66 (1): 160–178. doi:10.1093/pa/gss071.
- Messina, Anthony (2015). "The political and policy impacts of extreme right parties in time and context". Ethnic and Racial Studies. 38 (8): 1355–1361. doi:10.1080/01419870.2015.1016071. S2CID 143522149.
- Mondon, Aurelien (2015). "The French secular hypocrisy: the extreme right, the Republic and the battle for hegemony". Patterns of Prejudice. '49 (4): 392–413. doi:10.1080/0031322X.2015.1069063. S2CID 146600042.
- Mudde, Cas (25 October 2019). The Far Right Today and The ideology of the extreme right. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 978-1509536856.
- Rydgren, Jens (2008). France: The Front National, Ethnonationalism and Populism. London: Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 9781349284764.
- Shields 2007
- Simmons, Harvey G. (1996). The French National Front: The Extremist Challenge To Democracy. Westview Press. ISBN 978-0813389790.
- Williams, Michelle Hale (January 2011). "A new era for French far right politics? Comparing the FN under two Le Pens and The Impact of Radical Right-Wing Parties in West European Democracies". Análise Social. 201 (1): 679–695.
- "Victory for France's conservatives in local elections". Deutsche Welle. AP, AFP, Reuters. 30 March 2015. آرشیولشدیریلیب from the original on 1 March 2017. 28 February 2017-ده یوخلانیب.
- Bamat, Joseph (23 April 2011). "New poll shows far right could squeeze out Sarkozy". France 24. آرشیولشدیریلیب from the original on 27 April 2011. 26 May 2011-ده یوخلانیب.
- Dodman, Benjamin (23 November 2014). "France's cash-strapped far right turns to Russian lender". France24. آرشیولشدیریلیب from the original on 29 January 2015.
- Erlanger, Steven; de Freytas-Tamura, Kimiko (17 December 2016). "E.U. Faces Its Next Big Test as France's Election Looms". The New York Times. آرشیولشدیریلیب from the original on 2 March 2017. 28 February 2017-ده یوخلانیب.
- Frosch, Jon (7 March 2011). "Far-right's Marine Le Pen leads in shock new poll". France 24. آرشیولشدیریلیب from the original on 10 March 2011. 26 May 2011-ده یوخلانیب.
- Lichfield, John (1 March 2015). "Rise of the French far right: Front National party could make sweeping gains at this month's local elections". The Independent. London. آرشیولشدیریلیب from the original on 25 September 2015. 31 March 2015-ده یوخلانیب.
- Meichtry, Stacy; Bisserbe, Noemie (19 August 2015). "Le Pen Family Drama Splits France's Far Right National Front Party". The Wall Street Journal. آرشیولشدیریلیب from the original on 4 August 2020. 28 February 2017-ده یوخلانیب.
- Polakow-Suransky, Sasha. "The ruthlessly effective rebranding of Europe's new far right". The Guardian. آرشیولشدیریلیب from the original on 8 July 2020. 30 June 2020-ده یوخلانیب.
- Tourret, Nathalie (14 August 2010). "Japanese and European far right gathers in Tokyo". France 24. آرشیولشدیریلیب from the original on 15 February 2011. 6 May 2011-ده یوخلانیب.
- Van, Sonia (29 July 2011). "France – A Guide to Europe's Right-Wing Parties and Extremist Groups". Time. آرشیولشدیریلیب from the original on 27 February 2016. 23 February 2016-ده یوخلانیب.
- ^ Garnier, Christophe-Cécil (7 December 2015). "Quelle doit être la couleur du Front national sur les cartes électorales?" (in فرانسوی). Slate. آرشیولشدیریلیب from the original on 14 June 2018. 6 May 2018-ده یوخلانیب.
- ^ Ivaldi, Gilles (18 May 2016). "A new course for the French radical right? The Front National and "de-demonisation"". In Akkerman, Tjitske; de Lange, Sarah L.; Rooduijn, Matthijs (eds.). Radical Right-Wing Populist Parties in Western Europe: Into the Mainstream?. Routledge. p. 225. ISBN 978-1-317-41978-5. آرشیولشدیریلیب from the original on 26 September 2021. 6 July 2021-ده یوخلانیب.
- ^ Forchtner, Bernhard (September 2019). "Climate change and the far right". Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Climate Change. 10 (5): e604. doi:10.1002/wcc.604. S2CID 202196807.
- ^ Forchtner, Bernhard (2020). The Far Right and the Environment: Politics, Discourse and Communication. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-351-10402-9. آرشیولشدیریلیب from the original on 27 September 2021. 6 July 2021-ده یوخلانیب.
ائشیک باغلانتیلار[دَییشدیر]
 |
ویکی‌آمباردا Rassemblement national ایله مربوط فایل وار. |
- رسمی وب‌سایت
(دیل:فرانسه) - FNinfos, the official website of National Front activists
- Nations Presse Info, an information Website near the National Front
- Has Marine Le Pen made France's Front National respectable? RFI English
- Marine Le Pen's Protectionist Economics and Social Conservatism
شابلون:Movement for a Europe of Nations and Freedom شابلون:French political parties شابلون:National Front شابلون:French far right
| General | |
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| میلّی کیتابخانالار | |
| باشقا | |
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