قرافیت

Graphite
Graphite specimen
General
Category	Native mineral
Formula (repeating unit)	C
Strunz classification	1.CB.05a
Crystal system	Hexagonal
Crystal class	Dihexagonal dipyramidal (6/mmm) Hermann–Mauguin notation: (6/m 2/m 2/m)
Space group	P63mc (buckled) P63/mmc (flat)
Unit cell	a = 2.461, c = 6.708 [Å]; Z = 4
Identification
Color	Iron-black to steel-gray; deep blue in transmitted light
Crystal habit	Tabular, six-sided foliated masses, granular to compacted masses
Twinning	Present
Cleavage	Basal – perfect on {0001}
Fracture	Flaky, otherwise rough when not on cleavage
Tenacity	Flexible non-elastic, sectile
Mohs scale hardness	1–3
Luster	Metallic, earthy
Streak	Black
Diaphaneity	Opaque, transparent only in extremely thin flakes
Specific gravity	1.9–2.3
Density	2.09–2.23 g/cm3
Optical properties	Uniaxial (−)
Pleochroism	Strong
Solubility	Soluble in molten nickel, warm chlorosulfuric acid
Other characteristics	strongly anisotropic, conducts electricity, greasy feel, readily marks
References

قرافیت (اینگیلیسجه: Graphite) کربونیک کریستال فورمو ایستاندارد اولان دوروم دا ان ثابیت قالان کربون فورمو دور آما چوخ ایستی سیخیلمیش دوروم دا آلماس فورمونا دؤنور.