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ایکینجی جبهه

ویکی‌پدیادان، آچیق بیلیک‌لیک‌دن

{{Infobox military conflict | date = First phase: ۳ سپتامبر ۱۹۳۹ – ۲۵ ژوئن ۱۹۴۰
(۹ آی، ۳ هفته و ۱ گون)
Second phase: ۶ ژوئن ۱۹۴۴ – ۸ مئی ۱۹۴۵
(۱۱ آی و ۲ گون) | conflict = Western Front | partof = the European theatre of ایکینجی دونیا ساواشی | image = Western Front collab.png | image_size = 300px | caption = Clockwise from top left: Rotterdam after the Blitz, German Heinkel He 111 planes during the بریتانیا دؤیوشو , Allied paratroopers during مارکت قاردن عملیاتی , American troops running through Wernberg, Germany, Siege of Bastogne, American troops landing at Omaha Beach during اوورلورد عملیاتی | place = North and Western Europe | result = 1939–1940: Axis victory

1944–1945: Decisive Allied victory

| territory = Partition of Germany (1945) | combatant1 = Allies
 بیرلشمیش ایالتلر
 بیرلشمیش شاهلیق
 France
 کانادا
Poland
 بلژیک
 هولند
 آزاد فرانسه >

}}
 نوروژ
 دانمارک
Czechoslovakia
 اوسترالیا
 New Zealand
 South Africa
 لوکزامبورق
 Greece

 شوروی1

| notes = 1 شوروی Soviet offensive in Norway | combatant2 = Axis
 نازی آلمان
 Italy (1940–1943)
 ایتالیا سوسیال جومهوریتی (1944–1945)
Hungary (1944–1945)[۱]

 Vichy France[nb ۱] | commander1 = 1939–1940
اۆچونجو فرانسه جومهوریتی Maurice Gamelin
اۆچونجو فرانسه جومهوریتی Maxime Weygand
بیرلشمیش شاهلیق Lord Gort
بیرلشمیش شاهلیق Lord Cork
لهیستان Władysław Sikorski
هولند Henri Winkelman
بلژیک Leopold III
نوروژ Otto Ruge
دانمارک William Wain Prior
1944–1945
بیرلشمیش ایالتلرFranklin D. Roosevelt
بیرلشمیش ایالتلر دوایت آیزنهاور
بیرلشمیش شاهلیق Arthur Tedder
بیرلشمیش شاهلیق وینستون چرچیل
بیرلشمیش شاهلیقBernard Montgomery
بیرلشمیش ایالتلر Omar Bradley
بیرلشمیش ایالتلر Jacob L. Devers
بیرلشمیش ایالتلر George Patton
بیرلشمیش ایالتلر Courtney Hodges
بیرلشمیش ایالتلر William Simpson
بیرلشمیش ایالتلر Alexander Patch
بیرلشمیش شاهلیق Miles Dempsey
بیرلشمیش شاهلیق Trafford Leigh-Mallory
بیرلشمیش شاهلیق Bertram Ramsay
کانادا Harry Crerar
کانادا Guy Simonds
کانادا Charles Foulkes
کانادا Kenneth Stuart
کانادا Bert Hoffmeister
آزاد فرانسه > }} شارل دو قول
آزاد فرانسه >

}} Jean de Tassigny

لهیستان Władysław Sikorski
شوروی Kirill Meretskov

| commander2 = 1939–1940
نازی آلمان Walter von Brauchitsch
نازی آلمان Gerd von Rundstedt
نازی آلمان هاینتس قودریان
نازی آلمان Fedor von Bock
نازی آلمان Wilhelm von Leeb
نازی آلمان Nikolaus von Falkenhorst
ایتالیا شاهلیغی H.R.H. Umberto di Savoia
1944–1945
نازی آلمان آدولف هیتلر
نازی آلمان Heinrich Himmler
نازی آلمان Hermann Göring
نازی آلمان Gerd von Rundstedt
نازی آلمان Günther von Kluge
نازی آلمان Walter Model
نازی آلمان Albert Kesselring
نازی آلمان Erwin Rommel
نازی آلمان Johannes Blaskowitz
نازی آلمان Hermann Balck
نازی آلمان Paul Hausser | strength1 = 1939–1940

  • 7,650,000 troops (total)[۲]

1944–1945

  • ~5,412,219 troops (total that served)
  • 4,500,000 troops (peak)[۳]

| strength2 = 1939–1940

  • 5,400,000 troops (total)

1944–1945

  • ~8,000,000 troops (total that served)
  • ~1,900,000 troops (peak)

| casualties1 = 1940

  • 2,121,560[nb ۲]–2,260,000[nb ۳] casualties, including 143,400 killed

1944–1945

  • 164,590-195,576 killed/missing
  • 537,590 wounded
  • 78,680 captured

10,561 tanks destroyed[۶][۷][۸]
909 tank destroyers destroyed[۹][۷]
Total:

  • ~3,000,000 casualties

| casualties2 = 1940

1944–1945

  • 263,000–655,000 killed[۱۳]
  • 400,000+ wounded
  • 4,209,840 captured[nb ۶]

Total:

  • 5,000,000–5,400,000+ casualties

| casualties3 = 1,650,000 civilians dead[۱۴]

ایکینجی جبهه (اینگیلیسجه: Western Front (World War II)) قوزئی آوروپا یئرینده اوز وئرمیش‌دیر

گؤرونتولر

[دَییشدیر]

قایناق‌لار

[دَییشدیر]
  1. ↑ Szélinger & Tóth 2010, p. 94.
  2. ↑ Frieser, Karl-Heinz (2013)The Blitzkrieg Legend. Naval Institute Press
  3. ↑ MacDonald, C (2005), The Last Offensive: The European Theater of Operations. University Press of the Pacific, p.478
  4. ↑ Ellis, p.255
  5. ↑ Hooton 2007, səh. 90
  6. ↑ Zaloga 2015, p. 239, 6,084 U.S. Army tanks destroyed, including 4,399 M4 Sherman tanks, 178 M4 (105) and 1,507 M5A1 Stuart tanks..
  7. 1 2 Zaloga 2015, p. 276.
  8. ↑ Zaloga 2015, p. 277, 4,477 British Commonwealth tanks destroyed, including 2,712 M4 Sherman tanks, 656 Churchill tanks, 609 Cromwell tanks, 433 M3 Stuart tanks, 39 Cruiser Mk VIII Challenger tanks, 26 Comet tanks, 2 M24 Chaffee tanks..
  9. ↑ Zaloga 2015, p. 239, 909 U.S. Army tank destroyers destroyed, including 540 M10 tank destroyers, 217 M18 Hellcat tank destroyers and 152 M36 tank destroyers..
  10. ↑ L'Histoire, No. 352, April 2010 France 1940: Autopsie d'une défaite, p. 59.
  11. ↑ Shepperd 1990, səh. 88
  12. ↑ Hooton 2010, səh. 73
  13. ↑ George C Marshall, Biennial reports of the Chief of Staff of the United States Army to the Secretary of War : 1 July 1939-30 June 1945. Washington, DC : Center of Military History, 1996. Page 202 Archived 2017-05-01 at the Wayback Machine.. US Army historian Charles B. MacDonald (The European Theater of Operations: The Last Offensive, Center of Military History, United States Army, Washington D.C., 1993, page 478) holds that "exclusive of prisoners of war, all German casualties in the west from D-day to V–E Day probably equaled or slightly exceeded Allied losses". In the related footnote he writes the following: "The only specific figures available are from OB WEST for the period 2 June 1941 – 10 April 1945 as follows: Dead, 80,819; wounded, 265,526; missing, 490,624; total, 836,969. (Of the total, 4,548 casualties were incurred prior to D-day.) See Rpts, Der Heeresarzt im Oberkommando des Heeres Gen St d H/Gen Qu, Az.: 1335 c/d (IIb) Nr.: H.A./263/45 g. Kdos. of 14 Apr 45 and 1335 c/d (Ilb) (no date, but before 1945). The former is in OCMH X 313, a photostat of a document contained in German armament folder H 17/207; the latter in folder 0KW/1561 (OKW Wehrmacht Verluste). These figures are for the field army only, and do not include the Luftwaffe and Waffen-SS. Since the Germans seldom remained in control of the battlefield in a position to verify the status of those missing, a considerable percentage of the missing probably were killed. Time lag in reporting probably precludes these figures’ reflecting the heavy losses during the Allied drive to the Rhine in March, and the cut-off date precludes inclusion of the losses in the Ruhr Pocket and in other stages of the fight in central Germany."
  14. ↑ All totals listed only include direct deaths due to military activity and crimes against humanity, including the Holocaust. قایناق خطاسی پارامتر نامعتبر «campaignbox» در در برچسب <ref>. پارامترهای پشتیبانی‌شده: dir, follow, group, name.

اینگیلیسجه ویکی‌پدیاسی‌نین ایشلدنلری طرفیندن یارانمیش«Western Front (World War II)»، مقاله‌سیندن گؤتورولوبدور.( ۲۸ سپتامبر ۲۰۱۸ تاریخینده یوْخلانیلیبدیر).

قارداش پروژه‌لرده ایکینجی جبهه گؤره داها آرتیق بیلگی‌لر تاپابیلرسینیز.

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  1. ↑ Vichy officially pursued a policy of armed neutrality and conducted military actions against armed incursions from both Axis and Allied belligerents. The cease fire and pledging of allegiance to the Allies of the Vichy troops in French North Africa during operation Torch convinced the Axis that Vichy could no longer be trusted to continue this policy, so they invaded and occupied the French rump state in November 1942.
  2. ↑ Ellis provides no figure for Danish casualties, he places Norwegian losses at 2,000 killed or missing with no information provided on those wounded or captured. Dutch casualties are placed at 2,890 killed or missing, 6,900 wounded, with no information provided on those captured. Belgian casualties are placed at 7,500 killed or missing, 15,850 wounded, and 200,000 captured. French casualties amounted to 120,000 killed or missing, 250,000 wounded, and 1,450,000 taken prison. British losses totalled to 11,010 killed or missing, 14,070 wounded (only those who were evacuated have been counted), and 41,340 taken prisoner.[۴] Losses in 1940, according to Ellis' information, thus amount to 2,121,560.
  3. ↑ 360,000 dead or wounded, and 1,900,000 captured[۵]
  4. ↑ 43,110 Germans killed or missing, 111,640 wounded, no information is provided on any who were captured. Italian losses amounted to 1,250 killed or missing, 4,780 wounded, and no information is provided on any who were captured.
  5. ↑ Germany: 157,621 casualties (27,074 dead (The final count of the German dead is possibly as high as 49,000 men when including the losses suffered by the Kriegsmarine, because of additional non-combat causes, the wounded who died of their injuries, and the missing who were confirmed as dead.[۱۰][۱۱] as well as 1,129 aircrew killed.[۱۲] Italy: 6,029 casualties (1,247 dead or missing, 2,631 wounded, and 2,151 hospitalised due to frostbite[نیازمند منبع]; Italian forces were involved in fighting in the French Alps, where severe sub-zero temperatures is common even during the summer.)
  6. ↑ Total German casualties between September 1939 to 31 December 1944, on the Western Front for both the army, Waffen SS, and foreign volunteers amounts to 128,030 killed, 399,860 wounded. 7,614,790 were held in POW camps by early June of 1945 (including 3,404,950 who were disarmed following the surrender of Germany) See also: Disarmed Enemy Forces
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