ریچارد نیکسون
ظاهر
ریچارد نیکسون | |
---|---|
Richard Nixon | |
37th President of the United States | |
ایشده January 20, 1969 – August 9, 1974 | |
Vice President |
|
قاباقکی | لیندون بی. جانسون |
سونراکی | جرالد فورد |
36th Vice President of the United States | |
ایشده January 20, 1953 – January 20, 1961 | |
رییسجومهور | دوایت آیزنهاور |
قاباقکی | آلبن دابلیو. بارکلی |
سونراکی | لیندون بی. جانسون |
United States Senator from کالیفورنیا ایالتی | |
ایشده December 1, 1950 – January 1, 1953 | |
قاباقکی | شریدان داونی |
سونراکی | تام کوچل |
U.S. نومایندهلر مجلیسی-نین عوضوو منطقهسی: کالیفورنیا ایالتی 12th بؤلگه | |
ایشده January 3, 1947 – November 30, 1950 | |
قاباقکی | جری وورهیس |
سونراکی | پاتریک جی. هیلینقز |
شخصی بیلگیلر | |
دوغوم | Richard Milhous Nixon ۹ ژانویهٔ ۱۹۱۳ یوربا لیندا، کالیفورنیا, U.S. |
اؤلوم | ۲۲ آوریل ۱۹۹۴ (۸۱ یاش) نیویورک, U.S. |
ایستراحت یئری | Richard Nixon Presidential Library and Museum |
سیاسی حزبی | آمریکا بیرلشمیش ایالتلرین جومهوری حزبی |
حیات یولداشلاری | پت نیکسون (ائولی ۱۹۴۰–۱۹۹۳) |
اوشاقلاری | Tricia Julie |
آناسی | هاناه میلهوس نیکسون |
آتاسی | Francis A. Nixon |
تحصیل | ویتیر کالجی (BA) Duke University (JD) |
ایمضاسی | |
نیظامی خیدمت | |
باغلانتیسی | United States of America |
بوداق/خیدمت | United States Navy |
Years of service | 1942–1946 (active) 1946–1966 (inactive) |
درجه | Commander |
موباریزهلر/ساواشلار | ایکینجی دونیا ساواشی • ایکینجی دۆنیا ساواشسینده ساکیت اوقیانوس جبههسی[۱] |
جایزهلر | Navy and Marine Corps Commendation Medal (2) |
ریچارد نیکسون اینگیلیسجه: Richard Milhous Nixson (دوغوم:۹ ژانویه ۱۹۱۳ ، اؤلوم: ۲۲ آوریل ۱۹۹۴ (۸۱ یاش)) آمریکا بیرلشمیش ایالتلری اؤلکهسینین ۳۷اینجی جومهورباشقانی . ۱۹۶۹دن ۱۹۷۴قدر ایش اؤستونده اولدو.
گؤرونتولر
[دَییشدیر]
نوتلار
[دَییشدیر]Explanatory notes
[دَییشدیر]
قایناق خطاسی برچسپ
<ref>
که با نام «Jewish vote» درون <references>
تعریف شده، در متن قبل از آن استفاده نشده است.اتک یازیلار
[دَییشدیر]- ^ Richard Nixon Presidential Library and Museum http://nixon.archives.gov/thelife/nixonbio.pdf Archived September 21, 2015, at the Wayback Machine.
قایناقلار
[دَییشدیر]کیتابلار
[دَییشدیر]- Aitken, Jonathan (1996). Nixon: A Life. Washington, D.C.: Regnery Publishing. ISBN 978-0-89526-720-7.
- Ambrose, Stephen E. (1987). Nixon: The Education of a Politician 1913–1962. Vol. Volume I. New York: Simon & Schuster. ISBN 978-0-671-52836-2.
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(کؤمک) - Ambrose, Stephen E. (1989). Nixon: The Triumph of a Politician 1962–1972. Vol. Volume II. New York: Simon & Schuster. ISBN 978-0-671-72506-8.
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(کؤمک) - Ambrose, Stephen E. (1991). Nixon: Ruin and Recovery 1973–1990. Vol. Volume III. New York: Simon & Schuster. ISBN 978-0-671-69188-2.
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(کؤمک) - Andrew, Christopher (1995). For the President's Eyes Only: Secret Intelligence and the American Presidency from Washington to Bush. New York: HarperCollins. ISBN 978-0-06-092178-1.
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(کؤمک) - Armstrong, William M. (2017). Marine Air Group 25 and SCAT. Charleston: Arcadia. ISBN 978-1-46712-743-1.
- Black, Conrad (2007). Richard M. Nixon: A Life in Full. New York: PublicAffairs Books. ISBN 978-1-58648-519-1.
- Blythe, Will (2006). To Hate Like This is to be Happy Forever. New York: Harper Collins. ISBN 978-0-06-074023-8.
- Boger, John Charles (2005). School Resegregation: Must the South Turn Back?. Chapel Hill, N.C.: University of North Carolina Press. ISBN 978-0-8078-5613-0.
- Dallek, Robert (2007). Nixon and Kissinger: Partners in Power. New York: HarperCollins. ISBN 978-0-06-072230-2.
- Drew, Elizabeth (2007). Richard M. Nixon. The American Presidents Series. New York: Times Books. ISBN 978-0-8050-6963-1.
- Evans, Rowland; Novak, Robert (1971). Nixon in the White House: The Frustration of Power. New York: Random House. ISBN 978-0-394-46273-8.
- Ezell, Edward Clinton; Ezell, Linda Neuman (1978). The Partnership: A History of the Apollo–Soyuz Test Project. Washington D.C.: NASA History Office. 2011-01-23-ده اوریجنال-دن آرشیولشدیریلمیشدیر. 2020-06-07-ده یوخلانیب.
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وقت مؤهورونون اۇیغونسوزلوغو (کؤمک) - Farrell, John A. Richard Nixon: The Life (2017)
- Ferris, Gary W. (1999). Presidential Places: A Guide to the Historic Sites of the U.S. Presidents. Winston-Salem, N.C.: John F. Blair. ISBN 978-0-89587-176-3.
- Foner, Eric (2006). Give Me Liberty!: An American History. Vol. 2. New York: W. W. Norton & Co. ISBN 978-0-393-92784-9.
- Frick, Daniel (2008). Reinventing Richard Nixon. Lawrence, Kans.: University of Kansas Press. ISBN 978-0-7006-1599-5.
- Frum, David (2000). How We Got Here: The '70s. New York: Basic Books. ISBN 978-0-465-04195-4.
- Gaddis, John Lewis (1982). Strategies of Containment: A Critical Appraisal of Postwar American National Security Policy. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-503097-6.
- Gellman, Irwin (1999). The Contender. New York: The Free Press. ISBN 978-1-4165-7255-8.
- Greenberg, David. Nixon's Shadow: The History of an Image (2003). Important study of how Nixon was perceived by media and scholars.
- Hall, Mitchell K. ed. Historical Dictionary of the Nixon-Ford Era (2008) 285pp
- Hepplewhite, T.A. (1999). The Space Shuttle Decision: NASA's Search for a Reusable Space Vehicle. Washington D.C.: NASA History Office.
- Hetzel, Robert L. (2008). The Monetary Policy of the Federal Reserve. New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-88132-6.
- Ingle, H. Larry (2015). Nixon's First Cover-up: The Religious Life of a Quaker President. Columbia, Missouri: University of Missouri Press. ISBN 978-0-8262-2042-4.
- Kornitzer, Bela (1960). The Real Nixon: An Intimate Biography. New York: Rand McNally & Company.
- Langguth, A.J. (2000). Our Vietnam: The War 1954–1975. New York: Simon and Schuster. p. 524. ISBN 978-0-7432-1244-1.
- Malsberger, John W. The General and the Politician: Dwight Eisenhower, Richard Nixon, and American Politics (2014)
- Merkley, Paul Charles (2004). American Presidents, Religion, and Israel: the Heirs of Cyrus. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-275-98340-6.
- Morris, Roger (1990). Richard Milhous Nixon: The Rise of an American Politician. New York: Henry Holt & Co. ISBN 978-0-8050-1834-9.
- Nixon, Richard (1978). RN: The Memoirs of Richard Nixon. New York: Grosset & Dunlap. ISBN 978-0-448-14374-3.
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(کؤمک) - Nixon, Richard (1985). No More Vietnams. Westminster, Md.: Arbor House Publishing Company. ISBN 978-0-87795-668-6.
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(کؤمک) - Parmet, Herbert S. (1990). Richard Nixon and His America. Boston: Little, Brown & Co. ISBN 978-0-316-69232-8.
- Perlstein, Richard (2008). Nixonland: The Rise of a President and the Fracturing of America. New York: Scribner. ISBN 978-0-7432-4302-5.
- Reeves, Richard (2001). President Nixon: Alone in the White House. New York: Simon & Schuster. ISBN 978-0-684-80231-2.
- Safire, William (2005) [1975]. Before The Fall: An Insider View of the Pre-Watergate White House, with a 2005 Preface by the Author. Transaction Publishers. ISBN 978-1-4128-0466-0. Originally published: Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1975 (new material 2005)
- Small, Melvin, ed. (2011). A Companion to Richard M. Nixon. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell. ISBN 978-1-4443-3017-5.; Emphasis on historiography
- Schulzinger, Robert D. (2003). A Companion to American Foreign Relations. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing. ISBN 978-1-4051-4986-0.
- Thompson, John B. (2000). Political Scandal: Power and Visibility in the Media Age. Cambridge: Polity Press. ISBN 978-0-7456-2550-8.
- Tyler, Patrick (2010). A World of Trouble: The White House and the Middle East—from the Cold War to the War on Terror. New York: Macmillan.
- White, Theodore H. (1973). The Making of the President 1972. New York: Antheneum. ISBN 978-0-689-10553-1.
نیکسون کیتابائوی
[دَییشدیر]- Childhood. The Life. Richard Nixon Presidential Library and Museum. آرشیولنیب اصلی نۆسخهدن on 2013-10-21. یوْخلانیلیبJuly 16, 2011.
- A Student & Sailor. The Life. Richard Nixon Presidential Library and Museum. آرشیولنیب اصلی نۆسخهدن on 2013-10-21. یوْخلانیلیبJuly 16, 2011.
- The Nixon Family. The Life. Richard Nixon Presidential Library and Museum. آرشیولنیب اصلی نۆسخهدن on 2013-10-21. یوْخلانیلیبJuly 16, 2011.
- The Congressman. The Life. Richard Nixon Presidential Library and Museum. آرشیولنیب اصلی نۆسخهدن on 2013-06-15. یوْخلانیلیبJuly 17, 2011.
- The Senator. The Life. Richard Nixon Presidential Library and Museum. آرشیولنیب اصلی نۆسخهدن on 2013-02-16. یوْخلانیلیبJuly 17, 2011.
- The Vice President. The Life. Richard Nixon Presidential Library and Museum. آرشیولنیب اصلی نۆسخهدن on 2013-06-15. یوْخلانیلیبJuly 17, 2011.
- The President. The Life. Richard Nixon Presidential Library and Museum. آرشیولنیب اصلی نۆسخهدن on 2012-11-20. یوْخلانیلیبJuly 17, 2011.
- Post Presidency. The Life. Richard Nixon Presidential Library and Museum. آرشیولنیب اصلی نۆسخهدن on 2013-10-21. یوْخلانیلیبMarch 5, 2012.
- Lee, Meghan (June 22, 2004). Guide to the Nixon Family Collection (1909–1967). Richard Nixon Presidential Library and Museum.
آیری
[دَییشدیر]- "1972: President Nixon arrives in Moscow". BBC. June 11, 2004. http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/may/22/newsid_4373000/4373149.stm. Retrieved July 17, 2011.
- "Reagan funeral: Schedule of events". BBC. June 11, 2004. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/3783085.stm. Retrieved May 11, 2012.
- Delaney, Paul (July 20, 1970). "Nixon Plan for Negro Construction Jobs Is Lagging". p. 1. http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F20813F7355A1B7493C2AB178CD85F448785F9.
- "Mourners pay last respects to Nixon". April 27, 1994. p. 1. https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=i_RHAAAAIBAJ&dq=nixon%20funeral&pg=6218%2C5816141. Retrieved July 16, 2011.
- Steel, Ronald (May 25, 2003). "The World: New Chapter, Old Debate; Would Kennedy Have Quit Vietnam?". https://www.nytimes.com/2003/05/25/weekinreview/the-world-new-chapter-old-debate-would-kennedy-have-quit-vietnam.html. Retrieved July 17, 2011.
- Wicker, Tom (April 24, 1994). "From afar: An indomitable man, an incurable loneliness". https://www.nytimes.com/1994/04/24/weekinreview/from-afar-an-indomitable-man-an-incurable-loneliness.html. Retrieved August 7, 2011.
- Kilpatrick, Carroll (November 18, 1973). "Nixon tells editors, 'I'm not a crook'". https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/national/longterm/watergate/articles/111873-1.htm. Retrieved July 17, 2011.
- "The Post Investigates". The Watergate Story. https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/politics/special/watergate/part1.html. Retrieved July 17, 2011.
- "The Government Acts". The Watergate Story. https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/politics/special/watergate/part2.html. Retrieved July 16, 2011.
- "Nixon Resigns". The Watergate Story. https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/politics/special/watergate/part3.html. Retrieved July 16, 2011.
- Weil, Martin; Randolph, Eleanor (April 23, 1994). "Richard M. Nixon, 37th President, dies". p. A01. https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2002/06/11/AR2005112200809.html. Retrieved July 16, 2011.
- Lardner, George Jr.; Dobbs, Michael (October 6, 1999). "New tapes reveal depth of Nixon's anti-Semitism". p. A31. https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/politics/daily/oct99/nixon6.htm. Retrieved April 4, 2011.
- Carlson, Peter (November 17, 2000). "Another Race to the Finish". p. A01.
- "8,000 Move Into Cambodia". AP (Saigon). May 1, 1970. p. 20–A. https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=utwLAAAAIBAJ&pg=7133%2C160415.
- "Nixon Up Early, See Protesters". UPI. Pennsylvania. May 9, 1970. p. one [presumably late edition]. https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=FGwyAAAAIBAJ&pg=1864%2C2379598.
- Greene, Bob (April 8, 2002). "What Nixon's best friend couldn't buy". Jewish World Review. July 16, 2011-ده یوخلانیب.
- Greider, William (November 10, 1983). "The McGovern factor". Rolling Stone. p. 13.
- Kiernan, Ben; Owen, Taylor (October 2006). "Bombs over Cambodia" (PDF). The Walrus. January 29, 2012-ده یوخلانیب.
- Noah, Timothy (October 7, 1999). "Nixon: I Am Not an Anti-Semite". Slate. May 11, 2012-ده یوخلانیب.
- Sawhill, Ray (February 2011). "The Fall and Rise of an American President". Opera News. July 16, 2011-ده یوخلانیب.
- "Again, the Credibility Gap?". Time. April 5, 1971. 2013-08-24-ده اوریجنال-دن آرشیولشدیریلمیشدیر. July 29, 2011-ده یوخلانیب.
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وقت مؤهورونون اۇیغونسوزلوغو (کؤمک) - "Behavior: Evaluating Eagleton". Time. August 14, 1972. 2013-07-21-ده اوریجنال-دن آرشیولشدیریلمیشدیر. July 23, 2011-ده یوخلانیب.
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وقت مؤهورونون اۇیغونسوزلوغو (کؤمک) - "Democrats: The long journey to disaster". Time. November 20, 1972. 2013-07-21-ده اوریجنال-دن آرشیولشدیریلمیشدیر. July 23, 2011-ده یوخلانیب.
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وقت مؤهورونون اۇیغونسوزلوغو (کؤمک) - Skidmore, Max J. (2001). "Ranking and Evaluating Presidents: The Case of Theodore Roosevelt". White House Studies. 1 (4).
- Stacks, John F. (May 2, 1994). "Richard Nixon: Victory in Defeat". Time. 2013-08-12-ده اوریجنال-دن آرشیولشدیریلمیشدیر. July 16, 2011-ده یوخلانیب.
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وقت مؤهورونون اۇیغونسوزلوغو (کؤمک) - Morrow, Lance (September 30, 1996). "Naysayer to the nattering nabobs". Time. 2008-04-07-ده اوریجنال-دن آرشیولشدیریلمیشدیر. July 16, 2011-ده یوخلانیب.
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وقت مؤهورونون اۇیغونسوزلوغو (کؤمک) - Allen, Erika Tyler. The Kennedy–Nixon Presidential Debates, 1960. The Museum of Broadcast Communications. آرشیولنیب اصلی نۆسخهدن on 2012-05-11. یوْخلانیلیبMay 11, 2012.
- Auster, Albert. Smith, Howard K. The Museum of Broadcast Communications. آرشیولنیب اصلی نۆسخهدن on 2012-08-05. یوْخلانیلیبMay 11, 2012.
- Evans, Thomas W. (1993). The All-Volunteer Army After Twenty Years: Recruiting in the Modern Era. Sam Houston State University. آرشیولنیب اصلی نۆسخهدن on August 8, 2013. یوْخلانیلیبJuly 17, 2011.
- Handlin, Daniel (November 28, 2005). Just another Apollo? Part two. The Space Review. یوْخلانیلیبJuly 16, 2011.
- American President: Richard Milhous Nixon (1913–1994), Foreign Affairs. Miller Center for Public Affairs, University of Virginia. آرشیولنیب اصلی نۆسخهدن on August 11, 2011. یوْخلانیلیبJuly 17, 2011.
- Richard M. Nixon Birthplace. National Park Service. یوْخلانیلیبMay 11, 2012.
- Commander Richard M. Nixon, USNR. Naval Historical Center. United States Navy (August 7, 2006). آرشیولنیب اصلی نۆسخهدن on August 16, 2011. یوْخلانیلیبJuly 16, 2011.
- Nixon, Richard (August 8, 1974). President Nixon's Resignation Speech. Character Above All. Public Broadcasting Service. آرشیولنیب اصلی نۆسخهدن on 2011-07-18. یوْخلانیلیبJuly 15, 2011.
- The Nixon Visit (February 21–28, 1972). American Experience. Public Broadcasting Service. یوْخلانیلیبJuly 17, 2011.
- Richard M. Nixon, Domestic Politics. American Experience. Public Broadcasting Service. آرشیولنیب اصلی نۆسخهدن on 2012-05-23. یوْخلانیلیبMay 11, 2012.
- Sabia, Joseph J. (May 31, 2004). Why Richard Nixon Deserves to Be Remembered Along with Brown. History News Network. یوْخلانیلیبMay 11, 2012.
- Kennedy Wins 1960 Presidential Election. 1960 Year In Review. United Press International. یوْخلانیلیبJuly 17, 2011.
- 1968 Presidential Election. 1968 Year in Review. United Press International. یوْخلانیلیبJuly 16, 2011.
- Nixon Becomes President. 1969 Year in Review. United Press International. یوْخلانیلیبJuly 16, 2011.
- Postage rates for periodicals: A narrative history. United States Postal Service. آرشیولنیب اصلی نۆسخهدن on 2013-07-30. یوْخلانیلیبAugust 6, 2011.
- Office of the Federal Register (1999). "New Actions To Prevent Illnesses And Accidents". Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States, Richard Nixon, 1971. ISBN 978-0-16-058863-1.
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ignored (کؤمک) - Statement on Signing the National Sickle Cell Anemia Control Act. The American Presidency Project. University of California, Santa Barbara (May 16, 1972).
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (September 2002). Sickle Cell Research for Treatment and Cure. National Institutes of Health. آرشیولنیب اصلی نۆسخهدن on January 31, 2012.
- Wailoo, Keith (2001). Dying in the City of the Blues: Sickle Cell Anemia and the Politics of Race and Health. University of North Carolina Press. p. 165. ISBN 978-0-8078-4896-8.
- "Health insurance: hearings on new proposals". Congressional Quarterly Almanac. 92nd Congress 1st Session ... 1971. Vol. 27. Washington, D.C.: Congressional Quarterly. 1972. pp. 541–544. ISSN 0095-6007. OCLC 1564784.
- "Limited experimental health bill enacted". Congressional Quarterly Almanac. 93rd Congress 1st Session ... 1973. Vol. 29. Washington, D.C.: Congressional Quarterly. 1974. pp. 499–508. ISSN 0095-6007. OCLC 1564784.
- "National health insurance: no action in 1974". Congressional Quarterly Almanac. 93rd Congress 2nd Session ... 1974. Vol. 30. Washington, D.C.: Congressional Quarterly. 1975. pp. 386–394. ISSN 0095-6007. OCLC 1564784.
- Samson, William (2005). President Nixon's Troublesome Tax Returns. TaxAnalysts. یوْخلانیلیبDecember 20, 2013.
- Grier, Peter (2011). Tax Day 2011: Why do presidents release tax returns?. Christian Science Monitor. یوْخلانیلیبDecember 20, 2013.
آرتیق اوخو
[دَییشدیر]- Farrell, John A (2017) Richard Nixon: The Life New York: Doubleday
- Li, Victor (2018). Nixon in New York: How Wall Street Helped Richard Nixon Win the White House. Madison, NJ: Fairleigh Dickinson University Press. ISBN 978-1-68393-000-6.
- Thomas, Evan (2015). Being Nixon: A Man Divided. New York: Random House. ISBN 9780812995367. OCLC 904756092.
ائشیک باغلانتیلار
[دَییشدیر]رسمی
- White House biography
- Nixon Presidential Library and Museum
- Richard Nixon Foundation Archived 2011-10-15 at the Wayback Machine.
مدیا
- ریچارد نیکسون collected news and commentary.
- گورونوشو C-SPAN ده
- "Life Portrait of Richard M. Nixon", from C-SPAN's American Presidents: Life Portraits, November 19, 1999
آیری
- United States Congress. ریچارد نیکسون (id: N000116). Biographical Directory of the United States Congress.
- Essays on Richard Nixon, each member of his cabinet and First Lady from the Miller Center of Public Affairs
- Richard Nixon: A Resource Guide from the Library of Congress
- "The Presidents: Nixon", an American Experience documentary
- Works by or about ریچارد نیکسون at Internet Archive
- Works by ریچارد نیکسون at LibriVox (public domain audiobooks)
- Richard Nixon Personal Manuscripts
- ریچارد نیکسون IMDb ده
- Works by ریچارد نیکسون at Project Gutenberg
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- ریچارد نیکسون
- ۱۹۱۳-جو میلادی ایلده دوغولانلار
- ۱۹۹۴-جو میلادی ایلده اؤلنلر
- ۲۰. یوز ایلده آمریکالی سیاستچیلر
- کالیفورنیا جومهوریتچیلر
- نیویورک دوغوملو وکیللر
- سیدل ریور، نیوجرسی دوغوملولار
- سان کلمنت، کالیفورنیا دوغوملولار
- وایتیر، کالیفورنیا دوغوملولار
- یوربا لیندا، کالیفورنیا دوغوملولار
- کالیفورنیا سناتورلار
- آمریکالی سیاستچیلر