اتانول

اتانول
	نام‌گذاری اتحادیه بین‌المللی شیمی محض و کاربردی ethanol
	دیگر نام‌ها Absolute alcohol alcohol cologne spirit drinking alcohol ethylic alcohol EtOH ethyl alcohol ethyl hydrate ethyl hydroxide ethylol grain alcohol hydroxyethane methylcarbinol
شناساگرها
سی‌ای‌اس ثبت نومره‌سی	64-17-5
پاب‌کم	702
کم‌اسپایدر	682
UNII	3K9958V90M
ChEMBL	CHEMBL545
Beilstein Reference	1718733
Gmelin Reference	787
جی‌مول-تصاویر سه بعدی	Image 1
	SMILES CCO ;
	InChI InChI=1S/C2H6O/c1-2-3/h3H,2H2,1H3 ; Key: LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N InChI=1/C2H6O/c1-2-3/h3H,2H2,1H3; Key: LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYAB ;
خصوصیات
Appearance	Colorless liquid
Density	0.7893 g/cm3 (at 20 °C)
Melting point
Boiling point
Solubility in آب	miscible
log P	−0.18
Vapor pressure	5.95 kPa (at 20 °C)
Acidity (pKa)	15.9 (H2O) 29.8 (DMSO)
Basicity (pKb)	−1.9
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)	-33.60·10−6 cm3/mol
Refractive index (nD)	1.3611
Viscosity	1.2 mPa·s (at 20 °C) 1.074 mPa·s (at 25 °C)
Dipole moment	1.69 D
Pharmacology
Drug class	Central nervous system depressant
ATC code	D08AX08 (WHO) V03AB16 (WHO), V03AZ01 (WHO)
Pregnancy; category	US: C (Risk not ruled out) ; ;
Dependence liability	Moderate
Addiction liability	Moderate (10–15%)
Routes of; administration	Common: by mouth, topical; Uncommon: suppository, inhalation, ocular, insufflation, injection
	Pharmacokinetics:
Bioavailability	Variable
Metabolism	Liver: alcohol dehydrogenase enzyme
Metabolites	Acetaldehyde, acetic acid, acetyl-CoA, کربون دیاوکسید, water
Biological half-life	None, constant rate elimination
Excretion	Urine, breath, perspiration, tears, milk, saliva, bile
Legal status	AU: Unscheduled; CA: Unscheduled; DE: Unscheduled; NZ: Unscheduled; UK: Unscheduled; US: Unscheduled ; UN: Unscheduled; EU: Unscheduled;
Related compounds
Related compounds	Ethane; Methanol
	به استثنای جایی که اشاره شده‌است در غیر این صورت، داده‌ها برای مواد به وضعیت استانداردشان داده شده‌اند (در 25 °C (۷۷ °F)، ۱۰۰ kPa)
	(بررسی) (نه‌دیر: /؟)
	Infobox references

اتانول یوخسا الکول اتیلیک یا اتیل الکل یا اتیلیک الکل (اینگیلیسجه: Ethanol)، بیر نوع شیمیایی ترکیبدیر.

قایناقلار[دَییشدیر]

گؤرونتولر[دَییشدیر]

↑ قایناق خطاسی برچسب <ref> نامعتبر؛ متنی برای ارجاع‌های با نام Pubchem وارد نشده‌است
↑ ^۲٫۰ ^۲٫۱ ^۲٫۲ ^۲٫۳ (2011) CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 92nd, Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. ISBN 1439855110.
↑ (1960) «Acid Ionization Constants of Alcohols. II. Acidities of Some Substituted Methanols and Related Compounds1,2». Journal of the American Chemical Society 82 (4): 795–798. DOI:10.1021/ja01489a008.
↑ (1983) «Thermochemical acidities in three superbase systems». J. Org. Chem. 48 (10): 1569–1578. DOI:10.1021/jo00158a001.
↑ (2012) in Lide, David R.: CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 92, Boca Raton, FL.: CRC Press/Taylor and Francis, 6–232.
↑ (2008) in Lide, David R.: CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 89, Boca Raton: CRC Press, 9–55.
↑ (September 2014) «Innovative alcohol use: Assessing the prevalence of alcohol without liquid and other non-oral routes of alcohol administration». Drug and Alcohol Dependence 142: 74–78. DOI:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.05.026. PMID 25012895.
↑ (28 September 2011) «Subjective and Neural Responses to Intravenous Alcohol in Young Adults with Light and Heavy Drinking Patterns». Neuropsychopharmacology 37 (2): 467–477. DOI:10.1038/npp.2011.206. PMID 21956438.
↑ (December 2003) «Direct measurement of alcohol and its metabolites». Addiction 98: 73–80. DOI:10.1046/j.1359-6357.2003.00605.x. PMID 14984244.
↑ ^۱۰٫۰ ^۱۰٫۱ (12 August 2013) «The Clinical Pharmacology of Alcohol». California Medicine 113 (3): 37–45. PMID 5457514.
↑ , http://www.fda.gov/aboutfda/partnershipscollaborations/memorandaofunderstandingmous/domesticmous/ucm117569.htm
↑ Alcohol. Drugs.com. یوْخلانیلیب7 July 2015.
↑ (May 2008) «Neuropharmacology of alcohol addiction». British Journal of Pharmacology 154 (2): 299–315. DOI:10.1038/bjp.2008.30. PMID 18311194. “(Compulsive alcohol use) occurs only in a limited proportion of about 10–15% of alcohol users....”
↑ (2007) WHO Expert Committee on Problems Related to Alcohol Consumption : second report.. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization, 23. ISBN 9789241209441. 3 March 2015 tarixində istifadə olunub. “...alcohol dependence (is) a substantial risk of regular heavy drinking...”

[Pubchem-1] قایناق خطاسی برچسب <ref> نامعتبر؛ متنی برای ارجاع‌های با نام Pubchem وارد نشده‌است

[crc2-2] ۲٫۰ ^۲٫۱ ^۲٫۲ ^۲٫۳ (2011) CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 92nd, Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. ISBN 1439855110.

[3] (1960) «Acid Ionization Constants of Alcohols. II. Acidities of Some Substituted Methanols and Related Compounds1,2». Journal of the American Chemical Society 82 (4): 795–798. DOI:10.1021/ja01489a008.

[4] (1983) «Thermochemical acidities in three superbase systems». J. Org. Chem. 48 (10): 1569–1578. DOI:10.1021/jo00158a001.

[crc92-5] (2012) in Lide, David R.: CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 92, Boca Raton, FL.: CRC Press/Taylor and Francis, 6–232.

[crc89-6] (2008) in Lide, David R.: CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 89, Boca Raton: CRC Press, 9–55.

[7] (September 2014) «Innovative alcohol use: Assessing the prevalence of alcohol without liquid and other non-oral routes of alcohol administration». Drug and Alcohol Dependence 142: 74–78. DOI:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.05.026. PMID 25012895.

[8] (28 September 2011) «Subjective and Neural Responses to Intravenous Alcohol in Young Adults with Light and Heavy Drinking Patterns». Neuropsychopharmacology 37 (2): 467–477. DOI:10.1038/npp.2011.206. PMID 21956438.

[9] (December 2003) «Direct measurement of alcohol and its metabolites». Addiction 98: 73–80. DOI:10.1046/j.1359-6357.2003.00605.x. PMID 14984244.

[pmid5457514-10] ۱۰٫۰ ^۱۰٫۱ (12 August 2013) «The Clinical Pharmacology of Alcohol». California Medicine 113 (3): 37–45. PMID 5457514.

[11] , http://www.fda.gov/aboutfda/partnershipscollaborations/memorandaofunderstandingmous/domesticmous/ucm117569.htm

[12] Alcohol. Drugs.com. یوْخلانیلیب7 July 2015.

[13] (May 2008) «Neuropharmacology of alcohol addiction». British Journal of Pharmacology 154 (2): 299–315. DOI:10.1038/bjp.2008.30. PMID 18311194. “(Compulsive alcohol use) occurs only in a limited proportion of about 10–15% of alcohol users....”

[14] (2007) WHO Expert Committee on Problems Related to Alcohol Consumption : second report.. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization, 23. ISBN 9789241209441. 3 March 2015 tarixində istifadə olunub. “...alcohol dependence (is) a substantial risk of regular heavy drinking...”

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