اتانول

اتانول
Names
Pronunciation	/ˈɛθənɒl/
	Systematic IUPAC name ethanol
	Other names Absolute alcohol, alcohol, cologne spirit, drinking alcohol, ethylic alcohol, EtOH, ethyl alcohol, ethyl hydrate, ethyl hydroxide, ethylol, grain alcohol, hydroxyethane, methylcarbinol
Identifiers
CAS Number	64-17-5 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
Beilstein Reference	1718733
ChEBI	CHEBI:16236 ;
ChemSpider	682 ;
DrugBank	DB00898 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.000.526
E number	E1510 (additional chemicals)
Gmelin Reference	787
IUPHAR/BPS	2299;
PubChem CID	702;
UNII	3K9958V90M ;
	InChI InChI=1S/C2H6O/c1-2-3/h3H,2H2,1H3 Key: LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ; InChI=1/C2H6O/c1-2-3/h3H,2H2,1H3 Key: LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYAB ;
	SMILES CCO ;
Properties
Chemical formula	C2H6O
Molar mass	۴۶٫۰۷ g·mol−1
Appearance	Colorless liquid
Density	0.7893 g/cm3 (at 20 °C)
Melting point	[ابزار تبدیل: invalid number]رده:گزینه نادرست الگوی تبدیل
Boiling point	[ابزار تبدیل: invalid number]رده:گزینه نادرست الگوی تبدیل
Solubility in water	miscible
log P	−0.18
Vapor pressure	5.95 kPa (at 20 °C)
Acidity (pKa)	15.9 (H2O), 29.8 (DMSO)
Basicity (pKb)	−1.9
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)	-33.60·10−6 cm3/mol
Refractive index (nD)	1.3611
Viscosity	1.2 mPa·s (at 20 °C), 1.074 mPa·s (at 25 °C)
Dipole moment	1.69 D
Pharmacology
Drug class	Central nervous system depressant
ATC code	D08AX08 (WHO) V03AB16 (WHO), V03AZ01 (WHO)
Pregnancy; category	US: C (Risk not ruled out) ; ;
Dependence liability	Moderate
Addiction liability	Moderate (10–15%)
Routes of; administration	Common: by mouth, topical; Uncommon: suppository, inhalation, ocular, insufflation, injection
	Pharmacokinetics:
Bioavailability	Variable
Metabolism	Liver: alcohol dehydrogenase enzyme
Metabolites	Acetaldehyde, acetic acid, acetyl-CoA, carbon dioxide, water
Biological half-life	None, constant rate elimination
Excretion	Urine, breath, perspiration, tears, milk, saliva, bile
Legal status	AU: Unscheduled; CA: Unscheduled; DE: Unscheduled; NZ: Unscheduled; UK: Unscheduled; US: Unscheduled ; UN: Unscheduled; EU: Unscheduled;
Related compounds
Related compounds	Ethane; Methanol
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
	verify (نه‌دیر ?)
	Infobox references

اتانول یوخسا الکول اتیلیک یا اتیل الکل یا اتیلیک الکل (اینگیلیسجه:Ethanol‎)، بیر نوع شیمیایی ترکیبدیر.

قایناقلار[دَییشدیر]

↑ قایناق خطاسی برچسب <ref> نامعتبر؛ متنی برای ارجاع‌های با نام Pubchem وارد نشده‌است
↑ ^۲٫۰ ^۲٫۱ ^۲٫۲ ^۲٫۳ (2011) CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 92nd, Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. ISBN 1439855110.
↑ (1960) «Acid Ionization Constants of Alcohols. II. Acidities of Some Substituted Methanols and Related Compounds1,2». Journal of the American Chemical Society 82 (4): 795–798. DOI:10.1021/ja01489a008.
↑ (1983) «Thermochemical acidities in three superbase systems». J. Org. Chem. 48 (10): 1569–1578. DOI:10.1021/jo00158a001.
↑ (2012) in Lide, David R.: CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 92, Boca Raton, FL.: CRC Press/Taylor and Francis, 6–232.
↑ (2008) in Lide, David R.: CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 89, Boca Raton: CRC Press, 9–55.
↑ (September 2014) «Innovative alcohol use: Assessing the prevalence of alcohol without liquid and other non-oral routes of alcohol administration». Drug and Alcohol Dependence 142: 74–78. DOI:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.05.026. PMID 25012895.
↑ (28 September 2011) «Subjective and Neural Responses to Intravenous Alcohol in Young Adults with Light and Heavy Drinking Patterns». Neuropsychopharmacology 37 (2): 467–477. DOI:10.1038/npp.2011.206. PMID 21956438.
↑ (December 2003) «Direct measurement of alcohol and its metabolites». Addiction 98: 73–80. DOI:10.1046/j.1359-6357.2003.00605.x. PMID 14984244.
↑ ^۱۰٫۰ ^۱۰٫۱ (12 August 2013) «The Clinical Pharmacology of Alcohol». California Medicine 113 (3): 37–45. PMID 5457514.
↑ , http://www.fda.gov/aboutfda/partnershipscollaborations/memorandaofunderstandingmous/domesticmous/ucm117569.htm
↑ Alcohol. Drugs.com. یوْخلانیلیب7 July 2015.
↑ (May 2008) «Neuropharmacology of alcohol addiction». British Journal of Pharmacology 154 (2): 299–315. DOI:10.1038/bjp.2008.30. PMID 18311194. “(Compulsive alcohol use) occurs only in a limited proportion of about 10–15% of alcohol users....”
↑ (2007) WHO Expert Committee on Problems Related to Alcohol Consumption : second report.. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization, 23. ISBN 9789241209441. 3 March 2015 tarixində istifadə olunub. “...alcohol dependence (is) a substantial risk of regular heavy drinking...”

[Pubchem-1] قایناق خطاسی برچسب <ref> نامعتبر؛ متنی برای ارجاع‌های با نام Pubchem وارد نشده‌است

[crc2-2] ۲٫۰ ^۲٫۱ ^۲٫۲ ^۲٫۳ (2011) CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 92nd, Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. ISBN 1439855110.

[3] (1960) «Acid Ionization Constants of Alcohols. II. Acidities of Some Substituted Methanols and Related Compounds1,2». Journal of the American Chemical Society 82 (4): 795–798. DOI:10.1021/ja01489a008.

[4] (1983) «Thermochemical acidities in three superbase systems». J. Org. Chem. 48 (10): 1569–1578. DOI:10.1021/jo00158a001.

[crc92-5] (2012) in Lide, David R.: CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 92, Boca Raton, FL.: CRC Press/Taylor and Francis, 6–232.

[crc89-6] (2008) in Lide, David R.: CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 89, Boca Raton: CRC Press, 9–55.

[7] (September 2014) «Innovative alcohol use: Assessing the prevalence of alcohol without liquid and other non-oral routes of alcohol administration». Drug and Alcohol Dependence 142: 74–78. DOI:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.05.026. PMID 25012895.

[8] (28 September 2011) «Subjective and Neural Responses to Intravenous Alcohol in Young Adults with Light and Heavy Drinking Patterns». Neuropsychopharmacology 37 (2): 467–477. DOI:10.1038/npp.2011.206. PMID 21956438.

[9] (December 2003) «Direct measurement of alcohol and its metabolites». Addiction 98: 73–80. DOI:10.1046/j.1359-6357.2003.00605.x. PMID 14984244.

[pmid5457514-10] ۱۰٫۰ ^۱۰٫۱ (12 August 2013) «The Clinical Pharmacology of Alcohol». California Medicine 113 (3): 37–45. PMID 5457514.

[11] , http://www.fda.gov/aboutfda/partnershipscollaborations/memorandaofunderstandingmous/domesticmous/ucm117569.htm

[12] Alcohol. Drugs.com. یوْخلانیلیب7 July 2015.

[13] (May 2008) «Neuropharmacology of alcohol addiction». British Journal of Pharmacology 154 (2): 299–315. DOI:10.1038/bjp.2008.30. PMID 18311194. “(Compulsive alcohol use) occurs only in a limited proportion of about 10–15% of alcohol users....”

[14] (2007) WHO Expert Committee on Problems Related to Alcohol Consumption : second report.. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization, 23. ISBN 9789241209441. 3 March 2015 tarixində istifadə olunub. “...alcohol dependence (is) a substantial risk of regular heavy drinking...”

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اتانول

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