اتانول

ویکی‌پدیادان، آچیق بیلیک‌لیک‌دن
اتانول
Full structural formula of ethanol
Skeletal formula of ethanol
Ball-and-stick model of ethanol
Space-filling model of ethanol
آیوپاک آدی
ethanol[۱]
دیگر نام‌ها

Absolute alcohol alcohol cologne spirit drinking alcohol ethylic alcohol EtOH ethyl alcohol ethyl hydrate ethyl hydroxide ethylol grain alcohol hydroxyethane methylcarbinol

تانیملایئجیلار
سی‌ای‌اس ثبت نومره‌سی 64-17-5 YesY
پاب‌کم 702
کم‌اسپایدر 682 YesY
UNII 3K9958V90M YesY
ChEMBL CHEMBL545 YesY
1718733
787
جی‌مول-تصاویر سه بعدی Image 1

  • CCO

  • InChI=1S/C2H6O/c1-2-3/h3H,2H2,1H3 YesY
    Key: LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N YesY

    InChI=1/C2H6O/c1-2-3/h3H,2H2,1H3
    Key: LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYAB

خصوصیت‌لر
Appearance Colorless liquid
Density 0.7893 g/cm3 (at 20 °C)[۲]
Melting point
Boiling point
Solubility in سو miscible
log P -0.18
Vapor pressure 5.95 kPa (at 20 °C)
Acidity (pKa) 15.9 (H2O) 29.8 (DMSO)[۳][۴]
Basicity (pKb) -1.9
-33.60·10-6 cm3/mol
1.3611[۲]
Viscosity 1.2 mPa·s (at 20 °C) 1.074 mPa·s (at 25 °C)[۵]
1.69 D[۶]
Pharmacology
Drug class Central nervous system depressant
D08AX08 (WHO) V03AB16 (WHO), V03AZ01 (WHO)
Moderate[۱۴]
Moderate (10–15%)[۱۳]
Common: by mouth, topical
Uncommon: suppository, inhalation, ocular, insufflation,[۷] injection[۸]
Pharmacokinetics:
Variable[۹]
Liver: alcohol dehydrogenase enzyme
Acetaldehyde, acetic acid, acetyl-CoA, کربون دیاوکسید, water
None, constant rate elimination[۱۰]
Urine, breath, perspiration, tears, milk, saliva, bile[۱۰]
Legal status
  • AU: Unscheduled
  • CA: Unscheduled
  • DE: Unscheduled
  • NZ: Unscheduled
  • UK: Unscheduled
  • US: Unscheduled [۱۱]
  • UN: Unscheduled
  • EU: Unscheduled
Related compounds
Related compounds
 Ethane
Methanol
به استثنای جایی که اشاره شده‌است در غیر این صورت، داده‌ها برای مواد به وضعیت استانداردشان داده شده‌اند (در 25 °C (۷۷ °F)، ۱۰۰ kPa)
 N (بررسی) (نه‌دیر: YesY/N؟)
Infobox references

اتانول یوخسا الکول اتیلیک یا اتیل الکل یا اتیلیک الکل اینگیلیسجه: Ethanol، بیر نوع شیمیایی ترکیبدیر.

قایناقلار[دَییشدیر]


گؤرونتولر[دَییشدیر]

  • Ethanol Lewis.svg
  • Ethanol.svg
  • Ethanol Keilstrich.svg
  • Ethanol-structural.png
  • Ethanol-displayed.png
  • Ethanol-2D-skeletal.svg
  • Ethanol-2D-flat.png
  • Ethanol2.svg
  • Ethanol-3D-vdW.png
  • Ethanol CPK ani.gif
  • Ethanol-3D-balls.png
  • A bio-ethanol fireplace with artificial wood logs.jpg
  • Ethanol Flasche.jpg
  • New Energy corp Ethanol plant 001.jpg
  1. ^ قایناق خطاسی برچسب <ref> نامعتبر؛ متنی برای ارجاع‌های با نام Pubchem وارد نشده‌است
  2. ^ ۲٫۰ ۲٫۱ ۲٫۲ ۲٫۳ Haynes, William M., ed. (2011). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (92nd ed.). Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. p. 3.246. ISBN 1439855110.
  3. ^ Ballinger, P.; Long, F.A. (1960). "Acid Ionization Constants of Alcohols. II. Acidities of Some Substituted Methanols and Related Compounds1,2". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 82 (4): 795–798. doi:10.1021/ja01489a008.
  4. ^ Arnett, E.M.; Venkatasubramaniam, K.G. (1983). "Thermochemical acidities in three superbase systems". J. Org. Chem. 48 (10): 1569–1578. doi:10.1021/jo00158a001.
  5. ^ Lide, David R., ed. (2012). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (92 ed.). Boca Raton, FL.: CRC Press/Taylor and Francis. pp. 6–232.
  6. ^ Lide, David R., ed. (2008). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (89 ed.). Boca Raton: CRC Press. pp. 9–55.
  7. ^ Stogner, John M.; Eassey, John M.; Baldwin, Julie Marie; Miller, Bryan Lee (September 2014). "Innovative alcohol use: Assessing the prevalence of alcohol without liquid and other non-oral routes of alcohol administration". Drug and Alcohol Dependence. 142: 74–78. doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.05.026. PMID 25012895.
  8. ^ Gilman, Jodi M; Ramchandani, Vijay A; Crouss, Tess; Hommer, Daniel W (28 September 2011). "Subjective and Neural Responses to Intravenous Alcohol in Young Adults with Light and Heavy Drinking Patterns". Neuropsychopharmacology. 37 (2): 467–477. doi:10.1038/npp.2011.206. PMC 3242308. PMID 21956438.
  9. ^ Swift, Robert (December 2003). "Direct measurement of alcohol and its metabolites". Addiction. 98: 73–80. doi:10.1046/j.1359-6357.2003.00605.x. PMID 14984244.
  10. ^ ۱۰٫۰ ۱۰٫۱ Becker, CE (12 August 2013). "The Clinical Pharmacology of Alcohol". California Medicine. 113 (3): 37–45. PMC 1501558. PMID 5457514.
  11. ^ Schmidt, Alexander (1974), Memorandum of Understanding Between The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms and The Food and Drug Administration regarding the Promulgation and Enforcement of the Labeling Regulations Promulgated under the Federal Alcohol Administration Act, Washington, D.C.: Food and Drug Administration, 24 June 2015-ده یوخلانیب
  12. ^ "Alcohol". Drugs.com. 7 July 2015-ده یوخلانیب.
  13. ^ Vengeliene, V; Bilbao, A; Molander, A; Spanagel, R (May 2008). "Neuropharmacology of alcohol addiction". British Journal of Pharmacology. 154 (2): 299–315. doi:10.1038/bjp.2008.30. PMC 2442440. PMID 18311194. (Compulsive alcohol use) occurs only in a limited proportion of about 10–15% of alcohol users....
  14. ^ WHO Expert Committee on Problems Related to Alcohol Consumption : second report (PDF). Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization. 2007. p. 23. ISBN 9789241209441. 3 March 2015-ده یوخلانیب. ...alcohol dependence (is) a substantial risk of regular heavy drinking...
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