اتانول

اتانول
	آیوپاک آدی ethanol
	دیگر نام‌ها Absolute alcohol alcohol cologne spirit drinking alcohol ethylic alcohol EtOH ethyl alcohol ethyl hydrate ethyl hydroxide ethylol grain alcohol hydroxyethane methylcarbinol
تانیملایئجیلار
سی‌ای‌اس ثبت نومره‌سی	64-17-5
پاب‌کم	702
کم‌اسپایدر	682
UNII	3K9958V90M
ChEMBL	CHEMBL545
Beilstein Reference	1718733
Gmelin Reference	787
جی‌مول-تصاویر سه بعدی	Image 1
	SMILES CCO ;
	InChI InChI=1S/C2H6O/c1-2-3/h3H,2H2,1H3 ; Key: LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N InChI=1/C2H6O/c1-2-3/h3H,2H2,1H3; Key: LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYAB;
خصوصیت‌لر
Appearance	Colorless liquid
Density	0.7893 g/cm3 (at 20 °C)
Melting point
Boiling point
Solubility in سو	miscible
log P	−0.18
Vapor pressure	5.95 kPa (at 20 °C)
Acidity (pKa)	15.9 (H2O) 29.8 (DMSO)
Basicity (pKb)	−1.9
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)	-33.60·10−6 cm3/mol
Refractive index (nD)	1.3611
Viscosity	1.2 mPa·s (at 20 °C) 1.074 mPa·s (at 25 °C)
Dipole moment	1.69 D
Pharmacology
Drug class	Central nervous system depressant
ATC code	D08AX08 (WHO) V03AB16 (WHO), V03AZ01 (WHO)
Pregnancy; category	US: C (Risk not ruled out) ; ;
Dependence liability	Moderate
Addiction liability	Moderate (10–15%)
Routes of; administration	Common: by mouth, topical; Uncommon: suppository, inhalation, ocular, insufflation, injection
	Pharmacokinetics:
Bioavailability	Variable
Metabolism	Liver: alcohol dehydrogenase enzyme
Metabolites	Acetaldehyde, acetic acid, acetyl-CoA, کربون دیاوکسید, water
Biological half-life	None, constant rate elimination
Excretion	Urine, breath, perspiration, tears, milk, saliva, bile
Legal status	AU: Unscheduled ; CA: Unscheduled ; DE: Unscheduled; NZ: Unscheduled ; UK: Unscheduled ; US: Unscheduled ; UN: Unscheduled ; EU: Unscheduled ;
Related compounds
Related compounds	Ethane ; Methanol
	به استثنای جایی که اشاره شده‌است در غیر این صورت، داده‌ها برای مواد به وضعیت استانداردشان داده شده‌اند (در 25 °C (۷۷ °F)، ۱۰۰ kPa)
	(بررسی) (نه‌دیر: /؟)
	Infobox references

اتانول یوخسا الکول اتیلیک یا اتیل الکل یا اتیلیک الکل اینگیلیسجه: Ethanol، بیر نوع شیمیایی ترکیبدیر.

قایناقلار[دَییشدیر]

گؤرونتولر[دَییشدیر]

↑ قایناق خطاسی برچسب <ref> نامعتبر؛ متنی برای ارجاع‌های با نام Pubchem وارد نشده‌است
↑ ^۲٫۰ ^۲٫۱ ^۲٫۲ ^۲٫۳ Haynes, William M., ed. (2011). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (92nd ed.). Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. p. 3.246. ISBN 1439855110.
↑ (1960) «Acid Ionization Constants of Alcohols. II. Acidities of Some Substituted Methanols and Related Compounds1,2». Journal of the American Chemical Society 82 (4): 795–798. DOI:10.1021/ja01489a008.
↑ (1983) «Thermochemical acidities in three superbase systems». J. Org. Chem. 48 (10): 1569–1578. DOI:10.1021/jo00158a001.
↑ Lide, David R., ed. (2012). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (92 ed.). Boca Raton, FL.: CRC Press/Taylor and Francis. pp. 6–232.
↑ Lide, David R., ed. (2008). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (89 ed.). Boca Raton: CRC Press. pp. 9–55.
↑ (September 2014) «Innovative alcohol use: Assessing the prevalence of alcohol without liquid and other non-oral routes of alcohol administration». Drug and Alcohol Dependence 142: 74–78. DOI:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.05.026. PMID 25012895.
↑ (28 September 2011) «Subjective and Neural Responses to Intravenous Alcohol in Young Adults with Light and Heavy Drinking Patterns». Neuropsychopharmacology 37 (2): 467–477. DOI:10.1038/npp.2011.206. PMID 21956438.
↑ (December 2003) «Direct measurement of alcohol and its metabolites». Addiction 98: 73–80. DOI:10.1046/j.1359-6357.2003.00605.x. PMID 14984244.
↑ ^۱۰٫۰ ^۱۰٫۱ (12 August 2013) «The Clinical Pharmacology of Alcohol». California Medicine 113 (3): 37–45. PMID 5457514.
↑ Schmidt, Alexander (1974), Memorandum of Understanding Between The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms and The Food and Drug Administration regarding the Promulgation and Enforcement of the Labeling Regulations Promulgated under the Federal Alcohol Administration Act, Washington, D.C.: Food and Drug Administration, retrieved 24 June 2015
↑ Alcohol. Drugs.com. یوْخلانیلیب7 July 2015.
↑ (May 2008) «Neuropharmacology of alcohol addiction». British Journal of Pharmacology 154 (2): 299–315. DOI:10.1038/bjp.2008.30. PMID 18311194. “(Compulsive alcohol use) occurs only in a limited proportion of about 10–15% of alcohol users....”
↑ WHO Expert Committee on Problems Related to Alcohol Consumption : second report. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization. 2007. p. 23. ISBN 9789241209441. Retrieved 3 March 2015. ...alcohol dependence (is) a substantial risk of regular heavy drinking...

[Pubchem-1] قایناق خطاسی برچسب <ref> نامعتبر؛ متنی برای ارجاع‌های با نام Pubchem وارد نشده‌است

[crc2-2] ۲٫۰ ^۲٫۱ ^۲٫۲ ^۲٫۳ Haynes, William M., ed. (2011). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (92nd ed.). Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. p. 3.246. ISBN 1439855110.

[3] (1960) «Acid Ionization Constants of Alcohols. II. Acidities of Some Substituted Methanols and Related Compounds1,2». Journal of the American Chemical Society 82 (4): 795–798. DOI:10.1021/ja01489a008.

[4] (1983) «Thermochemical acidities in three superbase systems». J. Org. Chem. 48 (10): 1569–1578. DOI:10.1021/jo00158a001.

[crc92-5] Lide, David R., ed. (2012). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (92 ed.). Boca Raton, FL.: CRC Press/Taylor and Francis. pp. 6–232.

[crc89-6] Lide, David R., ed. (2008). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (89 ed.). Boca Raton: CRC Press. pp. 9–55.

[7] (September 2014) «Innovative alcohol use: Assessing the prevalence of alcohol without liquid and other non-oral routes of alcohol administration». Drug and Alcohol Dependence 142: 74–78. DOI:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.05.026. PMID 25012895.

[8] (28 September 2011) «Subjective and Neural Responses to Intravenous Alcohol in Young Adults with Light and Heavy Drinking Patterns». Neuropsychopharmacology 37 (2): 467–477. DOI:10.1038/npp.2011.206. PMID 21956438.

[9] (December 2003) «Direct measurement of alcohol and its metabolites». Addiction 98: 73–80. DOI:10.1046/j.1359-6357.2003.00605.x. PMID 14984244.

[pmid5457514-10] ۱۰٫۰ ^۱۰٫۱ (12 August 2013) «The Clinical Pharmacology of Alcohol». California Medicine 113 (3): 37–45. PMID 5457514.

[11] Schmidt, Alexander (1974), Memorandum of Understanding Between The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms and The Food and Drug Administration regarding the Promulgation and Enforcement of the Labeling Regulations Promulgated under the Federal Alcohol Administration Act, Washington, D.C.: Food and Drug Administration, retrieved 24 June 2015

[12] Alcohol. Drugs.com. یوْخلانیلیب7 July 2015.

[13] (May 2008) «Neuropharmacology of alcohol addiction». British Journal of Pharmacology 154 (2): 299–315. DOI:10.1038/bjp.2008.30. PMID 18311194. “(Compulsive alcohol use) occurs only in a limited proportion of about 10–15% of alcohol users....”

[14] WHO Expert Committee on Problems Related to Alcohol Consumption : second report. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization. 2007. p. 23. ISBN 9789241209441. Retrieved 3 March 2015. ...alcohol dependence (is) a substantial risk of regular heavy drinking...

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گؤرونتولر[دَییشدیر]

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